{"id":222736,"date":"2019-11-08T10:06:35","date_gmt":"2019-11-08T10:06:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/?page_id=222736"},"modified":"2026-07-20T04:23:35","modified_gmt":"2026-07-20T04:23:35","slug":"herculano","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/en\/herculano\/","title":{"rendered":"Herculano (Ercolano)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbHeader\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.16&#8243; background_image=\u00bbhttps:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2019\/03\/Ercolano-Vista-General.jpg\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb100px||0vw|||\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb40px|||\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb0px|||\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00bb4.16&#8243; locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.6&#8243; text_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb header_font=\u00bbAbril Fatface||||||||\u00bb header_font_size=\u00bb80px\u00bb header_line_height=\u00bb0.9em\u00bb header_2_font=\u00bbAbril Fatface||||||||\u00bb header_2_font_size=\u00bb56px\u00bb header_2_line_height=\u00bb1.1em\u00bb background_layout=\u00bbdark\u00bb header_font_size_tablet=\u00bb54px\u00bb header_font_size_phone=\u00bb34px\u00bb header_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_2_font_size_tablet=\u00bb36px\u00bb header_2_font_size_phone=\u00bb24px\u00bb header_2_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n<h1>Herculaneum (Herculano)<\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00bb4.16&#8243; width=\u00bb100%\u00bb max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||0px|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.16&#8243; custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2020\/01\/food-bank_57.png\u00bb align=\u00bbright\u00bb align_tablet=\u00bbcenter\u00bb align_phone=\u00bb\u00bb align_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1&#8243; admin_label=\u00bbAbout\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.16&#8243; custom_padding=\u00bb||20px|||\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00bb3_5,2_5&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; width=\u00bb77.8%\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||18px|||\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb3_5&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; text_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb text_font_size=\u00bb20px\u00bb header_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb header_2_font=\u00bbLora|700|||||||\u00bb header_2_font_size=\u00bb60px\u00bb header_2_line_height=\u00bb1.2em\u00bb module_alignment=\u00bbleft\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb header_2_font_size_tablet=\u00bb48px\u00bb header_2_font_size_phone=\u00bb32px\u00bb header_2_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n<h2>La elegancia romana al pie del Vesubio<\/h2>\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Seg\u00fan la leyenda narrada por Dionisio de Halicarnaso, Herculano fue fundada por H\u00e9rcules en el a\u00f1o 1243 a.\u202fC. al regresar de Iberia con un reba\u00f1o de bueyes capturado en Gerione. Strab\u00f3n por su parte, afirma que la ciudad fue fundada por los oscos en el siglo XII a.\u202fC. Seg\u00fan otras versiones, habr\u00eda sido establecida por los etruscos entre los siglos X y VIII a.\u202fC. cuando toda la regi\u00f3n estaba bajo su influencia.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 M\u00e1s all\u00e1 del mito fundacional lo cierto es que Herculano termin\u00f3 bajo dominio romano, convirti\u00e9ndose en una refinada villa mar\u00edtima donde algunas de las familias m\u00e1s ricas de ciudadanos romanos pasaban sus vacaciones de verano. En el a\u00f1o 62, la ciudad fue golpeada por un fuerte terremoto que oblig\u00f3 a llevar a cabo diversas renovaciones. De hecho, seg\u00fan una inscripci\u00f3n, el emperador <a href=\"https:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/es\/vespasiano\/\">Vespasiano<\/a> se encarg\u00f3 personalmente de restaurar la bas\u00edlica y un templo. Pero esas obras a\u00fan no hab\u00edan concluido cuando Herculano fue alcanzada por la violenta erupci\u00f3n del <a href=\"https:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/es\/vesuvio\/\">Vesubio<\/a> en el a\u00f1o 79.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"133\" data-end=\"684\" class=\"\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Los ciudadanos de Herculano murieron al instante, alcanzados por una nube de gases t\u00f3xicos a m\u00e1s de 400\u202f\u00b0C. La ciudad qued\u00f3 sepultada bajo varias capas de barro volc\u00e1nico y flujos pirocl\u00e1sticos, una mezcla letal de gas y rocas incandescentes. Esta forma de sepultura, aunque devastadora, permiti\u00f3 una conservaci\u00f3n extraordinaria del lugar: a\u00fan hoy pueden verse muebles, telas, alimentos e incluso puertas de madera intactas. En la famosa Villa de los Papiros se hallaron cientos de rollos de papiro carbonizados que contin\u00faan siendo objeto de estudio.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"686\" data-end=\"956\" class=\"\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Durante siglos se crey\u00f3 que los habitantes hab\u00edan logrado huir, pero en los a\u00f1os 1980 salieron a la luz m\u00e1s de 300 esqueletos en los antiguos cobertizos para barcos junto a la playa. All\u00ed aguardaban ser rescatados por mar cuando fueron sorprendidos por la nube ardiente.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"958\" data-end=\"1464\" class=\"\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Herculano fue redescubierta por accidente en 1738, durante la excavaci\u00f3n de un pozo. Nadie sospechaba que bajo tierra dorm\u00eda una ciudad romana. Durante d\u00e9cadas se abrieron t\u00faneles sin ning\u00fan criterio arqueol\u00f3gico, y muchas piezas fueron expoliadas o terminaron en colecciones privadas. El estado de conservaci\u00f3n alcanzado por este yacimiento es excepcional, debido a las singulares condiciones en que qued\u00f3 enterrado. La ciudad fue completamente abandonada y permaneci\u00f3 deshabitada durante m\u00e1s de mil a\u00f1os.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb2_5&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.16&#8243; background_enable_color=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2026\/07\/Vesubio-entrando-en-erupcion-1.png\u00bb title_text=\u00bbVesubio entrando en erupci\u00f3n\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.7&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||-1px|||\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243; border_radii=\u00bboff|10px|10px||\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; text_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb text_font_size=\u00bb20px\u00bb header_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb header_2_font=\u00bbLora|700|||||||\u00bb header_2_font_size=\u00bb50px\u00bb header_2_line_height=\u00bb1.2em\u00bb background_color=\u00bb#011C40&#8243; background_layout=\u00bbdark\u00bb module_alignment=\u00bbleft\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb header_2_font_size_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb header_2_font_size_phone=\u00bb32px\u00bb header_2_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb border_radii=\u00bboff|||10px|10px\u00bb border_width_all=\u00bb10px\u00bb border_color_all=\u00bb#011C40&#8243; locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n<h2>La decisi\u00f3n<\/h2>\n<h3><strong>Cap\u00edtulo 27<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>&#8230;Mientras tanto, gigantescos r\u00edos de cenizas m\u00e1s finas, mezcladas con agua, devastaban herculano, as\u00ed como a otros tantos pueblos que se hallaban en las laderas del Vesubio&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; text_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb text_font_size=\u00bb20px\u00bb header_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb header_2_font=\u00bbLora|700|||||||\u00bb header_2_font_size=\u00bb50px\u00bb header_2_line_height=\u00bb1.2em\u00bb module_alignment=\u00bbleft\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb header_2_font_size_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb header_2_font_size_phone=\u00bb32px\u00bb header_2_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n<h2>\u00bfSab\u00edas que\u2026?<\/h2>\n<p>\ud83d\udd39 Sepultada por flujos pirocl\u00e1sticos: Mientras <a href=\"https:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/es\/pompeya\/\">Pompeya<\/a> fue enterrada principalmente por cenizas y piedra p\u00f3mez, <a href=\"https:\/\/panzergeist.com\/el-viaje-que-inicio-panzergeist\/\">Herculano<\/a> fue engullida por una oleada pirocl\u00e1stica: una mezcla de gases volc\u00e1nicos ardientes y materiales a m\u00e1s de 400\u202f\u00b0C. La muerte fue instant\u00e1nea.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udd39 El barro volc\u00e1nico caliente que cubri\u00f3 Herculano actu\u00f3 como un sello herm\u00e9tico, preservando muebles, tejidos, puertas de madera, alimentos, e incluso papiros carbonizados en la famosa Villa de los Papiros. Es uno de los yacimientos arqueol\u00f3gicos mejor conservados del mundo.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udd39El mito fundacional de Herculano presenta varias versiones: adem\u00e1s de las que mencionan a H\u00e9rcules, los oscos o los etruscos como posibles fundadores, algunas fuentes romanas tard\u00edas sugieren que la ciudad fue en realidad una colonia griega. Seg\u00fan esta hip\u00f3tesis, su nombre reflejar\u00eda la influencia hel\u00e9nica, al igual que ocurri\u00f3 con otras ciudades cercanas como Ne\u00e1polis o Parthenope.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb9px||9px|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||10px|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_gallery gallery_ids=\u00bb219737,219734,219732,219729,219727,219726,219724,219723,219722,219720,219719,219716,219715,219714,219709,219702,219700,219698,219697,219696&#8243; show_title_and_caption=\u00bboff\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; title_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb caption_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||8px|||\u00bb dbdb_version=\u00bb5.6&#8243; 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button_border_radius=\u00bb10px\u00bb box_shadow_style=\u00bbpreset4&#8243; box_shadow_horizontal=\u00bb5px\u00bb box_shadow_vertical=\u00bb5px\u00bb box_shadow_color=\u00bbrgba(0,29,73,0.75)\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_3&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_button button_url=\u00bbhttps:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/es\/novela-en-imagenes\/\u00bb button_text=\u00bbNovela en im\u00e1genes\u00bb button_alignment=\u00bbcenter\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_button=\u00bbon\u00bb button_text_color=\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00bb button_bg_color=\u00bb#011C40&#8243; button_bg_image=\u00bbhttps:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2025\/11\/boton-bustos.png\u00bb button_border_width=\u00bb1px\u00bb button_border_color=\u00bb#011C40&#8243; button_border_radius=\u00bb10px\u00bb box_shadow_style=\u00bbpreset4&#8243; box_shadow_horizontal=\u00bb5px\u00bb box_shadow_vertical=\u00bb5px\u00bb box_shadow_color=\u00bbrgba(0,29,73,0.75)\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_3&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_button button_url=\u00bbhttps:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/es\/pompeya\/\u00bb button_text=\u00bbP\u00e1gina  siguiente\u00bb button_alignment=\u00bbright\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_button=\u00bbon\u00bb button_text_color=\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00bb button_bg_color=\u00bb#011C40&#8243; button_bg_image=\u00bbhttps:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2025\/11\/boton-bustos.png\u00bb button_border_width=\u00bb1px\u00bb button_border_color=\u00bb#011C40&#8243; button_border_radius=\u00bb10px\u00bb box_shadow_style=\u00bbpreset4&#8243; box_shadow_horizontal=\u00bb5px\u00bb box_shadow_vertical=\u00bb5px\u00bb box_shadow_color=\u00bbrgba(0,29,73,0.75)\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1&#8243; fullwidth=\u00bbon\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.16&#8243; locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_fullwidth_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2020\/01\/food-bank_56.png\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_fullwidth_image][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>According to the legend narrated by Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Herculaneum was founded by Hercules in 1243 BC upon his return from Iberia with a herd of oxen captured from Geryon. Strabo, on the other hand, states that the city was founded by the Oscans in the 12th century BC. Other versions claim it was established by the Etruscans between the 10th and 8th centuries BC, when the entire region was under their influence<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-222736","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Herculano | La elegancia romana al pie del Vesubio<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Herculano conserva como pocos lugares la intimidad de una ciudad romana detenida por la erupci\u00f3n del Vesubio en el a\u00f1o 79.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/en\/herculano\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Herculano | La elegancia romana al pie del Vesubio\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Herculano conserva como pocos lugares la intimidad de una ciudad romana detenida por la erupci\u00f3n del Vesubio en el a\u00f1o 79.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/en\/herculano\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"El experimento Panzergeist - 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