{"id":222385,"date":"2019-10-22T09:22:53","date_gmt":"2019-10-22T09:22:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/?page_id=222385"},"modified":"2026-07-14T00:25:37","modified_gmt":"2026-07-14T00:25:37","slug":"spongia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/fr\/spongia\/","title":{"rendered":"Spongia"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1″ custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbHeader\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4″ background_color=\u00bb#0D0D0D\u00bb background_image=\u00bbhttps:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2025\/05\/a7aaaae3-a709-445a-a8dc-b371cc9f7bdc.png\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb100px||0vw|||\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb40px|||\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb0px|||\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.6″ text_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb header_font=\u00bbAbril Fatface||||||||\u00bb header_font_size=\u00bb80px\u00bb header_line_height=\u00bb0.9em\u00bb header_2_font=\u00bbAbril Fatface||||||||\u00bb header_2_font_size=\u00bb56px\u00bb header_2_line_height=\u00bb1.1em\u00bb background_layout=\u00bbdark\u00bb header_font_size_tablet=\u00bb54px\u00bb header_font_size_phone=\u00bb34px\u00bb header_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_2_font_size_tablet=\u00bb36px\u00bb header_2_font_size_phone=\u00bb24px\u00bb header_2_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Spongia<\/h1>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ width=\u00bb100%\u00bb max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||0px|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2020\/01\/food-bank_57.png\u00bb align=\u00bbright\u00bb align_tablet=\u00bbcenter\u00bb align_phone=\u00bb\u00bb align_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1″ admin_label=\u00bbAbout\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb||8px|||\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00bb3_5,2_5″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4″ width=\u00bb77.8%\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||9px|||\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb3_5″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4″ text_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb text_font_size=\u00bb20px\u00bb header_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb header_2_font=\u00bbLora|700|||||||\u00bb header_2_font_size=\u00bb60px\u00bb header_2_line_height=\u00bb1.2em\u00bb module_alignment=\u00bbleft\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb header_2_font_size_tablet=\u00bb48px\u00bb header_2_font_size_phone=\u00bb32px\u00bb header_2_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Higiene y pr\u00e1cticas en las letrinas romanas<\/h2>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 En el imaginario colectivo la Antigua Roma se asocia a menudo con el esplendor de los acueductos, las termas monumentales y un sentido avanzado de la ingenier\u00eda urbana. Sin embargo no todo era m\u00e1rmol y perfumes en el d\u00eda a d\u00eda de la higiene romana. Las letrinas p\u00fablicas, frecuentes en las ciudades del Imperio, eran espacios funcionales pero sencillos con bancos de piedra perforados alineados sobre canales de desag\u00fce.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Para limpiarse tras la defecaci\u00f3n los romanos utilizaban una herramienta espec\u00edfica: la spongia<\/a>, una esponja natural atada al extremo de un palo de madera. Esta se enjuagaba en un cubo con agua \u2014a menudo mezclada con vinagre o salmuera\u2014 y quedaba disponible para el siguiente usuario. Aunque pr\u00e1ctica, la reutilizaci\u00f3n de estas esponjas favorec\u00eda la transmisi\u00f3n de enfermedades gastrointestinales, como la fiebre tifoidea o el c\u00f3lera, especialmente en espacios muy concurridos.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A nivel urban\u00edstico se calcula que la ciudad de Roma lleg\u00f3 a contar con m\u00e1s de 140 letrinas p\u00fablicas hacia el siglo IV d.C. Algunas dispon\u00edan incluso de sistemas de flujo continuo de agua para arrastrar los residuos hacia las cloacas, aunque otras estaban m\u00e1s rudimentariamente conectadas a fosas o tinajas. En los hogares especialmente los de mayor rango, era habitual tener recipientes que luego eran vaciados por esclavos.
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 En cambio los domicilios m\u00e1s humildes no contaban con retrete propio: se usaban orinales, que se vaciaban en tinajas comunitarias o, directamente, en la v\u00eda p\u00fablica.<\/p>\n

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El fenicio<\/h2>\n

Cap\u00edtulo 20<\/strong><\/h3>\n

…\u2014Toma, en caso de que te ataquen defi\u00e9ndete con esto. T\u00fa dales duro en la boca \u2014respondi\u00f3 Dietrich, pas\u00e1ndole el palito de la spongia<\/em>…<\/p>\n

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\u00bfSab\u00edas que…?<\/h2>\n

\ud83d\udd39 En los d\u00edas fr\u00edos, algunos amos hac\u00edan sentarse a sus esclavos primero sobre la piedra del asiento para calentarla antes de su uso.<\/p>\n

\ud83d\udd39 A pesar de su aparente simplicidad, muchas letrinas estaban decoradas con mosaicos o frescos, y algunas incluso contaban con una peque\u00f1a barandilla para ayudar a levantarse.<\/p>\n

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M\u00e1s all\u00e1 de acueductos y m\u00e1rmol, la higiene romana tambi\u00e9n inclu\u00eda la spongia: una esponja compartida para la limpieza anal en letrinas p\u00fablicas, s\u00edmbolo de costumbres pr\u00e1cticas y riesgos sanitarios.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-222385","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nSpongia romana | Higiene en las letrinas romanas<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"El uso de la spongia en los ba\u00f1os p\u00fablicos desvela la sorprendente realidad de las letrinas romanas en su d\u00eda a d\u00eda.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/fr\/spongia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Spongia romana | Higiene en las letrinas romanas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El uso de la spongia en los ba\u00f1os p\u00fablicos desvela la sorprendente realidad de las letrinas romanas en su d\u00eda a d\u00eda.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/experimentopanzergeist.es\/fr\/spongia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"El experimento Panzergeist - 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